Dr. Charles. Darwin s Theory Of Evolution - 1714 Words

Dr. Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his contributions to the theory of evolution. He stated that all species have descended over time from common ancestors. With his joint publication with Alfred Russell Wallace he introduced the process called natural selection. Darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859 with a book, On the Origin of Species; many people rejected his idea of natural selection and his theory of evolution. By the 1870’s the scientific community and the public now viewed evolution as a fact. Darwin’s theories and scientific discoveries explain the diversity of life. Darwin’s early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education and instead investigate marine invertebrates. His studies at the University of Cambridge encouraged his passion for natural science. Later on in his life, his five-year voyage on the HMS Beagle established him as an eminent geologist whose observations/the ories supported Charles Lyell’s ideas. His publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author. Being puzzled by the distribution of wildlife and fossils he collected on his voyage, Darwin began investigations and formulated his theory of natural selection. Later on, he discussed his findings with other naturalists, but found that he needed time for his research and his geological work as a priority. He wrote his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russel Wallace sent him an essay which described theShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Science And Technology1454 Words   |  6 Pagesscience. Science is crucial because it has helped form the world that we live in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introduced his scientific theory t hat this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existenceRead MoreThe Scientific Theory Of Science And Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pagesscience. Science is crucial because it has helped form the world that we live in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existenceRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Social Darwinism1336 Words   |  6 PagesDifferent theories have been brought to our attention, and a lot of them have come from Charles Darwin. Many of them have been proven but many of them are still up for speculation. One of them stuck out among most though, and it is a very talked about subject. Charles Darwin stated the theory of Social Darwinism where people presumed the weak thrive and resulted in the survival of only the fittest. Living fossils were another topic that Darwin came up with. Even though Darwin founded this theory manyRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution984 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Robert Darwin was a British man who became one of the greatest contributors to the study of evolution. He was a naturalist who was able to develop a theory of evolution based on biological changes that he witnessed occurring in varieties of samples on his travels all around the world. Charles Darwin is valuable in science history, simply because he was the first geologists who had come the closest for closing the gap on how and why biological changes occurred. The naturalist and geologistRead MoreCharles Darwin And Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbaffled to discover that this species has been completely altered. This outcome is a direct result of a ubiquitous phenomenon theorized by none other than Charles Darwin, a prestigious naturalist and biologist. This venerable man was able to unveil many revelations regarding variability through the development of his theory of natural selection (Darwin and Huxley xii). Having an inherent adoration toward nature as a young child likely provided a significant incentive. Though Darwin’s thesis is not immaculateRead MoreEssay on The Life and Theories of Charles Darwin1147 Words   |  5 PagesThe Life and Theories of Charles Darwin Charles Robert Darwin was the fifth child of Robert Waring Darwin and Susannah Wedgewood. He was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England where his father practiced medicine. He attended Shrewsbury Grammar School which was a well-kn own secondary school which concentrated on teaching classic languages. Even as a boy Darwin loved science and his enthusiasm for chemical studies earned him the name Gas from his friends. The headmasterRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution And The Origin Of Species1688 Words   |  7 PagesThe Theory of Evolution: â€Å"Grievously Hypothetical† *Rough Draft* First Publicized in Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, The Theory of Evolution has been a widely excepted theory all around the world. According to the Pew Research Center, approximately 60% of all American adults believe in Darwinian evolution (Public s Views on Human Evolution). This is an absurdly large amount of the United States’Read MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1399 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Evolution is defined as a genetic change in a population that is inherited over several generations (thoughtco). Charles Darwin’s theory clearly state that evolution occurs by natural selection. Darwin published a book in 1859 on the origin of species. In the book Darwin talks about the philosophy of natural selection. Natural selection is when a group of species show variation in their physical characters. This is because of the difference in their gene. Charles Darwin proposed thatRead MoreCharles Robert Darwins Life and Accomplishments2542 Words   |  11 PagesCharles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist who was born in Shrewsbury, England on February 12, 1809. He was the second youngest of six children. Before Charles Darwin, there were many scientists throughout his family. His father, Dr. Robert Darwin, was a medical doctor, and his grandfather, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, was a well-known botanist. Darwin’s mother, Susannah Darwin, died when he was only eight years old. Darwin was a child that came from wealth and privilege and who loved to explore natureRead MoreEvolution Is The Process Of Inheriting Traits Through Dna Over Successful Generations1319 Words   |  6 Pages Evolution is not just a story about where we came from, but an epic at the center of life itself. Evolution is the process of inheriting traits through DNA over successful generations. Charles Darwin, a naturalist and geologist synthesized a theory later known as Darwinism, which explains that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce (Darwin, 1859). Humans

The Effects Of Teen Pregnancy On The Body - 997 Words

Teen pregnancy is followed by many problems such as medical risks, emotional weight, and financial problems. The average cost of raising a child until they are eighteen is about $245,340. That is around $12,800 - $14,970 per child per year. Medical hazards include the following: anemia, high blood pressure, depression, premature birth, poor nutrition, and low birth weight. Anemia is the lack of iron in the blood. The high blood pressure can lead to other health issues and preeclampsia. Preeclampsia causes damage to the organs, most often in such cases being the kidneys. Premature birth is when the baby is born at less than thirty-seven week into pregnancy. It can cause low birth weight. Teen mothers are less likely to adequately gain†¦show more content†¦The emotional toll put on the teenager’s shoulders can often times be too much for them to bear. Learning about health risks, financial necessities, and all the little things like no longer being able to go out with their friends whenever they want only adds to the heaviness of the situation. Other worries like whether the mother has the education and monetary support she needs along with if the baby’s daddy is going to be in the child’s li fe is a tremendous amount of stress on the mother. All the stress can drive the mother into depression. Parents do not generally want their kids to have kids. Instead of being supporting, they end up being hostile and throwing cruel comments around because they can, because they are upset. The hostility can be overwhelming and prevent the teenage mother from taking proper care of herself and her child which increases the risks of birth complications. In some instances, the mother turns to abortion as a quick fix and it can increase the already present depression. Depression is a serious problem with teenaged mothers. It can easily lead to drug or alcohol abuse which is very damaging to the child. Postpartum depression occurs within a month of delivering the baby. Ten percent of new mothers experience postpartum depression. Twice as many teenaged mothers risk gaining postpartum depression. Postpartum depression can cause a teenage mother to have difficulties nurturing and bonding wit h the child and introduce thoughts of

Motorola Mobility/Mgt 521 Free Essays

Business Analysis Part I – Motorola Mobility MGT/521 University of Phoenix Business Analysis Part I – Motorola Mobility Deciding whether or not to invest in Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc. (MMI) requires critical and creative thinking. Research provides a greater understanding of business trending in order for stakeholders to make educated decisions regarding personal and business investments. We will write a custom essay sample on Motorola Mobility/Mgt 521 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The following passages present part one of a three-part business plan designed to aid the author, a mutual fund manager, in making a fundamental investment decision. A SWOT analysis of Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc. proposes pertinent details, encompassing internal and external stakeholders’ needs, and further providing a scope of investor needs and how they are met by MMI. SWOT Analysis â€Å"SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying both the Opportunities open to you and the Threats you face† (Mind Tools Ltd, 2011, SWOT Analysis, para. 1). The subsequent paragraphs represent a snapshot of Motorola Mobility from an internal and external perspective. Strengths Operational efficiency. Resourceful manufacturing is an integral component of an efficient operation. Motorola (2011) stated, â€Å"From the warehouse floor to product delivery, mobility solutions provide access to information in real time and help automate operations, ultimately creating a seamless, error-proof work environment† (Motorola, 2011, Manufacturing, para. 1). MMI will have no debt at spinoff. According to Brand (2011), the disjointing of Motorola’s corporate business divisions, Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions, means zero debt for MMI upon development. Therefore, the newly defined entity is more easily leveraged and less inclined to accrue disadvantageous debts. A pioneer of cell phones. – Motorola is a leader in the market for cell phone technologies and has forged a direct path to success. â€Å"Motorola is one of the pioneers of mobile phones, and along with Nokia and Ericsson it has one of the biggest and most profitable phone patent portfolios in the world. † (Barak, 2011, Devices, para. 8). Innovative Products. Motorola Mobility has two of the most scientific smartphone products on the market. A Middle East news portal, Al Bawaba (2011), proposes one leading innovative Motorola product is highly regarded in Middle East and Africa: Motorola ATRIX  is the world’s most powerful smartphone with a dual-core processor that is the fastest yet offered in a mobile phone and is designed to essentially become a user’s primary digital hub to create, edit and interact with documents, media and content. (para. 7) Weaknesses Weak profitability. â€Å"Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc. , spun off in January from Motorola Inc. declined in New York trading after the Droid smartphone maker forecast profit for this quarter and full year that trailed analysts’ estimates† (Miller, 2011, News, para. 1). While the current financial forecast is stunted, long-term focus on profitability is the key. Poor Customer Service ratings. Customer satisfaction is a dynamic component of any business whether the business is corporate, entrepreneurial, or nonprofit. According to Custo mer Service Scoreboard (2011), an online review and rating system, Motorola Customer Service rates a disappointing score of 36. 33 out of a possible 200. Lag in LTE technologies (4G products). Motorola Mobility is slacking in the production of LTE technologies, causing a decrease in the company’s market shares. MMI is currently working toward the manufacturing of patented silicon for the 4G products in the lineup. However, according to Woyke (2011), the competitors are taking the lead in the LTE market. Opportunities Google to acquire Motorola. â€Å"The acquisition of Motorola Mobility, a dedicated Android partner, will enable Google to supercharge the Android ecosystem and will enhance competition in mobile computing† (Google, 2011, Investor Relations, para. ). Merging two well-established entities which complement one another will prove to enhance an already-flourishing group of technologies at the core of the mobile industry. Strong demand for Android. â€Å"A  recent report from Nielsen  showed that Android controlled 39% of the domestic smartphone market, with Apple’s iOS controlling 28%† (Meyer, 2011, Devices, para. 4). The statistics are favorable for MMI’s existing innovations and are suspected to increase with the sales of the upcoming lineup. Expanding smartphone lineup. Atrix, Droid X2, Droid Bionic, Droid 2 Global, and Photon 4G are five Android-based smartphones Motorola has in the lineup with the potential to compliment the Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility (International Business Times, 2011, para. 2-8 ). With the current demand for the Android platform and technologies in the mobile arena, the five forthcoming Motorola smartphones are expected to stir up the competitive market. Threats Competitive Pressure. According to a current Yahoo Finance posting of a Dow and Nasdaq report, Motorola Mobility’s primary competitors are Apple, Cisco Systems, and Nokia (Yahoo! Finance, 2011). As the demand for even more enhanced technologies become greater, Motorola Mobility will also find a need to stay ahead of not only the existing competitors, but competitors in the making. Pending US litigation. Motorola is in a longstanding power struggle against several top companies in the mobile technology and electronics industry. Google acquired three pending US litigations along with the acquisition of MMI. According to United States’ leading patent law blog Patently-O (2011), Google also acquired awaiting lawsuits with TiVo, Microsoft, and Apple regarding patent infringements. Investment Decision The decision to invest in Motorola Mobility is not an easy assessment to make. However, as a mutual fund manager, the educated decision is based on the information gained from the SWOT analysis conducted. Internally, MMI is strong with above-average manufacturing efficiencies. Additionally, the quality of smartphones made by Motorola significantly compliments Google’s existing Android platforms. Externally, with Google’s acquisition of MMI, the business decision to invest in Motorola Mobility is a secure long-term decision accompanied with only a few risks. Internal and External Stakeholders and Needs Motorola Mobility is a spinoff company which separated from Motorola and then merged with Google. Internal stakeholders include both Motorola and Google along with the employees, shareholders, manufacturers, customers, suppliers, traveling consumers and home consumers of the innovative mobile technologies. External stakeholders of MMI include device manufacturers, service providers, social media, marketers, advertisers and application developers. Every stakeholder has a need which, ideally, must be met by the coupled organization. MMI’s internal stakeholders need increased sales, economical supplies, and efficient processes. However, external stakeholders seek efficient and effective platforms and software in order to make use of the mobile technologies supplied. Need Fulfillment and Implications At the present time, Motorola Mobility is deficient in profitability, but is excelling with product manufacturing efficiencies and processes. Profitability can be expected to increase over time as the merge with Google stabilizes and leverages the overall company portfolio. Furthermore, the sales can be expected to increase with the introduction of Motorola LTE products once the company establishes and patents the unique silicon currently in the works. Finally, the existing Android-based platforms Google has already patented are complimentary to Motorola Mobility’s offered products and also the devices in the lineup to be launched. On the other hand, one of MMI’s chief focal points should include a goal of improving the quality of service provided to the consumers. Increased orientation time and interactive training would provide more involved and knowledgeable employees. Conclusion Motorola Mobility Holdings is currently struggling with profits, customer service standards, and competition; however, the judgment to invest in the newly-acquired company is sound regardless of the existing risks. As shown in the provided SWOT analysis, MMI has several favorable factors in the immediate mobile technology market. With MMI’s historical cell phone quality, current and future innovations, lack of current debt, recent merge with the prominent Google Company, and ever-growing demand for mobile technology, the decision to invest stands firm. After all, between Motorola nd Google, even the company’s minor flaws and external pressures are presently under control and projected to stay that way. References Al Bawaba. (2011, February 6). Motorola to showcase most powerful innovative mobile devices. Retrieved from http://www. albawaba. com Barak, S. (2011, August 15). Google’s bid for Motorola Mobility – a play for patents only? Retrieved f rom http://siliconvalley. rcrwireless. com Brand, C. (2011, January 11). Motorola Doubles Down on Cell Phones with Mobility Unit Spin-Off, But Should Investors Tread Carefully? Retrieved from http://www. peridotcapitalist. om Customer Service Scoreboard. (2011, September 5). Motorola Customer Service. Retrieved from http://www. customerservicescoreboard. com Google. (2011, August 15). Google Investor Relations. Retrieved from http://investor. google. com International Business Times. (2011, September 2). Top 5 Android-based Motorola Smartphones That Could Compliment Google-Motorola Deal. Retrieved from http://www. ibtimes. com Meyer, D. (2011, August 15). RCR Wireless. Retrieved from http://siliconvalley. rcrwireless. com Miller, H. (2011, July 29). Motorola Mobility Drops as Profit Forecast Trails Estimates. Retrieved from http://www. businessweek. com Mind Tools Ltd. (2011). SWOT Analysis. Retrieved from http://www. mindtools. com/pages/article/newTMC_05. htm Motorola. (2011). Manufacturing. Retrieved from http://www. motorola. com Patently-O. (2011, August 15). Google’s Purchase of Motorola Mobility. Retrieved from http://www. patentlyo. com Woyke, E. (2011, July 15). Motorola Seeks To Shore Up Weakness In LTE Devices. Retrieved from http://www. forbes. com Yahoo! Finance. (2011, September 2). Motorola Mobility Holdings, Inc. (MMI). Retrieved from http://finance. yahoo. com How to cite Motorola Mobility/Mgt 521, Papers

Economics Australian Economy

Question: Discuss about theEconomics for Australian Economy. Answer: Introduction A variety of market structures are at play in the Australian economy. Out of these, one that is the most common is undoubtedly oligopoly. Thus type of market structure refers to a situation when there are only a limited number of sellers in the market. One of the specific conditions under oligopoly is called as duopoly which essentially refers to the presence of two big sellers in the market[1]. An example of duopoly in Australia is the organised retail which comprises of namely two sellers i.e. Coles and Woolworths. Another structure present in the Australian market is the monopoly. Australia Post is an apt example of monopoly since it serves as the only major player which operates post related services in Australia. Yet another example of monopoly was the taxi service before the penetration of Uber in the market. Monopoly is considered a market which is characterised by the presence of just one seller. Due to lack of competition, this structure leads to inefficiency since the selle r aims to maximise the underlying profit and thus leads to high amount of deadweight loss[2]. Monopolistic competition has only limited presence in the Australian economy. The given essay aims to highlight the presence of the above market structures in context of Australia. Monopolistic Competition - Australia The prevalence of monopolistic competition is rather limited in Australian market. An example which could come close in this regard would be hotel business. The hotel industry is characterised by the presence of competition that is not perfect as the service offered by various hotels is not of the same level. Another instance of monopolistic competition would be online gaming market in Australia. While a majority of market share is held by Sportsbet and Tab Corp, but besides these, a number of small players are also active in the market which collectively represents a significant market force. In the recent past, the two large players made a vain merger attempt which in case of success would have led to monopoly formation[3]. The characteristics of this market structure are indicated below[4]. The presence of sizable players engaged in both buying and selling. Heterogeneous products are sold in the market. There is some amount of price control exhibited by the sellers. Limited barriers are present related to entry and exit. Oligopoly-Australia In line with the above definition, a market where the sellers are limited is called an oligopoly. One of the possibilities in these markets is the existence of collusion between the different sellers for profit maximisation which in turn is unfavourable for consumer interest. One example in the Australian context relates to the existence of major players in the form of Woolworths and Coles as the two dominant players in the supermarket industry. As these are involved in a fierce rivalry, hence a given firms decision are dependent on the competitors decision. In the recent times, with the penetration of foreign retailers like an Aldi, the organised retail industry is gradually leading to an oligopoly[5]. The Australian retail industry is characterised by the various features related to an oligopoly[6]. There are barriers related to entry and exit that exist primarily in the form of huge investments and supply chain setup. Besides, price differentiation, quality differentiation also tends to exist. The firms tend to heavily influence the pricing and tend to the price makers. Duopoly-Australia Essentially duopoly is not a separate market structure but is a sub-type of oligopoly. Unlike oligopoly where the market power is concentrated between three to five sellers, duopoly is a market structure where the market power is shared by two dominant sellers only. In such a market, the suppliers usually are squeezed especially when price based competition is significant which is the case between Coles and Woolworths[7]. However, these are beneficial for the customers who tend to reap low prices on an ongoing basis. Since the two players seek to outdo each other, there are specialised economic models which are often deployed in order to facilitate decision making in such scenarios. Besides, specialised economic models, game theory is also relevant in such markets[8]. This is primarily because the decisions tend to be dependent on one another. Further, in such market, it may be very difficult to build inroads due to large entry barriers as has been experienced in the Australian marke t. Monopoly-Australia An apt example of monopoly in Australia is the taxi services market which was completed nominated by the Canberra Taxi. However, with the penetration of Uber in the market, this monopoly has been broken to some extent as consumers have a credible and cheaper alternative in place[9]. In the process, the consumers are benefitted as the prices decrease and also there is improvement in overall efficiency levels. The monopoly existence in market in the pre-Uber time may be explained as below[10]. Substitute availability was not there, hence no competition existed and consumers had to avail the service at high prices. Further, through the use of technology and sizable fleet, the various costs were rationalised which implied supernormal profits coupled with the pricing power that these commanded. The entry barriers were high due to the underlying backend infrastructure and fleet requirement. Conclusion It may be logically derived on the basis of the arguments presented above that Australia as a market has exposure to a host of market types. Amongst these, the most common market type is oligopoly which is quite common in the retail industry. However, the rather uncommon market type is monopolistic competition which to an extent is visible in the hotel business. In relation to monopoly, gradually these are being eliminated which is good for the consumers and the industry. An example of the same is the taxi industry post introduction of Uber. Further, different market type have different characteristics in relation to market power with participants, number of sellers and barriers to entry and exit. References: Cummins, C., Influx of international retailers shaking up retail sector shows no signs of abating, The Sydney Morning Herald, 17 November 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/business/property/influx-of-international-retailers-shaking-up-retail-sector-shows-no-signs-of-abating-20151117-gl0ws5.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Heffernan, M., ACCC's Rod Sims says Woolworths has more problems with suppliers than Coles, The Sydney Morning Herald, 22 July 2016, https://www.smh.com.au/business/retail/acccs-rod-sims-says-woolworths-has-more-problems-with-suppliers-than-coles-20160722-gqbqp3.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Krugman, P. and G. Wells, Microeconomics, London, Worth Publishers, 2013 Lawson, K.,Uber arrival on Friday ends taxi monopoly, but how many drivers will be on the road?,The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 October 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/act-news/uber-arrival-on-friday-ends-taxi-monopoly-but-how-many-drivers-will-be-on-the-road-20151029-gklwph.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Mankiw, G., Microeconomics, London, Worth Publishers, 2014 Nicholson, W. and C. Snyder, Fundamentals of Microeconomics, New York, Cengage Learning, 2011 Pindyck, R. and D. Rubinfeld, Microeconomics, London, Prentice-Hall Publications, 2011 Thomson, J., Tabcorp and Tatts Group fail to agree on merger, The Sydney Morning Herald, 16 November, 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/business/tabcorp-and-tatts-group-fail-to-agree-on-merger-20151115-gkzo5c.html (accessed 1 December, 2016).